UNIT: 1
Introduction
In
Engineering, Soil is defined as un-consolidated material composed of solid
particles, produced by the disintegration of rock and geotechnical engineering is
the branch of civil engineering that deals with Soil masses.
Importance of soil in civil Engineering as
construction material
Soil is a very important
construction material for constructing any kind of structure. It is important
to choose a suitable construction material because if we make a mistake in
choosing the appropriate construction material then it will directly affect the
cost and quality of the structure. Soil is that kind of construction material
which acts as a foundation or base for every civil engineering structure
because all of them ultimately rest or soil. Various type of soil has various
property like permeability, strength, bearing capacity, etc.
Field of application of Geo-Technical engineering.
Geo-Technical Engineering has a past application in the construction of
various civil engineering structures. Some of the applications are mentioned
below: -
1. Foundation
Every engineering structure, whether it is a
building or bridge or a dam, all have a foundation which connects to the surface
of the Earth. Foundation on or below the surface of the Earth is required to safely and efficiently transmit the structure's load to the soil.
2. Pavement design
Pavement is a hard surface placed on a subgrade
for providing a smooth and strong surface on which a vehicle can move. The payment
consists of surfaces such as the Bitumen layer, base, and sub-base.
3. Retaining
structure
When sufficient space is not available for a mass
of soil to spread and form a safe slope, a structure is required to retain the
soil which is called a retaining structure.
4. Stability of
slope
If the soil surface is not a reason to, then a component of weights of soil tends to move it down and thus causes instability of slope. Soil Engineering provides the method for checking the stability of slopes.
FAIR USE
Fair use allows reproduction and other uses of copyrighted works – without requiring permission from the copyright owner – under certain conditions. In many cases, you can use copyrighted materials for purposes such as study, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship or research.